5分程度で読める記事を紹介しています。
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5分程度で読める記事を紹介しています。
最近大学入試でもかなり取り上げらているNew Scientist。
読みやすく、興味深いテーマが多いのでお薦め。登録すると毎日新しい記事を紹介してくれる。
4月10日:Injecting virus into brain may relieve Parkinson's symptoms
4月11日: Entire nervous system of an animal recorded for the first time
10/6 現在のノーベル賞関連の記事をまとめておきました。医学部受験生は、一般受験生、学士編入受験生ともに必読です。autophagyは、問題設定として良問が作りやすいテーマだと思います。
Medicine Nobel for research on how cells 'eat themselves'
http://www.nature.com/news/medicine-nobel-for-research-on-how-cells-eat-themselves-1.20721?WT.mc_id=SFB_NNEWS_1508_RHBox
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2016 Yoshinori Ohsumi
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2016/press.html
In an interview given to the Tokyo Institute of Technology's website in December 2012, Ohsumi said
http://www.titech.ac.jp/english/research/stories/ohsumi.html
Nobel for 2D exotic matter
Medical award for cell recycling
http://www.nature.com/polopoly_fs/1.20721!/menu/main/topColumns/topLeftColumn/pdf/nature.2016.20721.pdf
問い合わせ:驢馬小屋塾
JAPAN EARTHQUAKE AND NUCLEAR CRISIS
Japan is struggling with its worst-ever nuclear power disaster, following the magnitude-9 earthquake and massive tsunamis that struck the country on 11 March. Nature brings you regular updates on the crisis, as well as analysis of why this earthquake was so destructive, the Japanese government's struggle to respond to the nuclear disaster, and the effects on Japan's research community.
http://www.nature.com/news/specials/japanquake/index.html
メインページから
*Fukushima update: did nuclear chain reactions continue after shut-down?
There is growing evidence that uranium and plutonium fuel at the Fukushima nuclear plant may have continued nuclear fission chain reactions long after the reactors were shut down almost three weeks ago.( 01 April 2011 )
*Fukushima update: on pregnant women and radiation doses Following a rash of news stories saying that pregnant women were fleeing Tokyo, fearing the effects of Fukushima radiation on their unborn children.( 31 March 2011 )
*Concerns over nuclear energy are legitimate Reassurances from 'experts' on the safety of nuclear power will not wash, says Colin Macilwain. The Fukushima crisis raises genuine questions.( 30 March 2011 )
ヒトゲノム配列が発表されて今日で10年、Natureでも特集のページを提供しています。
THE HUMAN GENOME AT TEN:
http://www.nature.com/news/specials/humangenome/index.html
なお、この中で、この特集と題名になった昨年3月のeditorial”THE HUMAN GENOME AT TEN”は、一般入試(国公立後期)対策としてもで精読しておく価値はあると思います。
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v464/n7289/full/464649a.html
昨日発表されたノーベル医学生理学賞は、英国のRobert G. Edwards博士になりました。山中さんは見送り、ということですね。
NYTも’Poineer of In Vitro Fertilization Wins Nobel Frize’ とAP電で一報を伝えています。その後、スタッフライターの記事になりましたが、以下の様に結んでいます。
Dr. Edwards himself was not available to reflect on his research career or the four million children alive because of his achievement. “Unfortunately he is not in a position to understand the honor he has received today,” Dr. Macnamee said. “He remembers the past very well but not the present.”
下線部を読み取れますか。
Natureも伝えています。’Baby boom bags Nobel prize’
[10/7追記]
Three Share 2010 Chemistry Nobel
Published: October 6, 2010
The winners are Richard F. Heck of the University of Delaware; Ei-ichi Negishi of Purdue University; and Akira Suzuki of Hokkaido University in Sapporo, Japan.
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/07/science/07nobel.html?
Physics Nobel Honors Work on Ultra-Thin Carbon
Published: October 5, 2010
A pair of Russian-born physicists working at the University of Manchester in England have won the Nobel Prize in Physics for investigating the remarkable properties of ultrathin carbon flakes known as graphene, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said Tuesday.
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/06/science/06nobel.html
Interactive video and transcript of Obama's Inaugural Address
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2009/01/20/us/politics/20090120_INAUGURAL_ANALYSIS.html
新大統領関係でNEJMの記事
Visions for Change in U.S. Health Care — The Players and the Possibilities
John K. Iglehart
http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/360/3/205
Health Care Reform — Why So Much Talk and So Little Action?
Victor R. Fuchs, Ph.D.
http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/full/360/3/208
NatureはCommentary
Nature 457, 258-261 (15 January 2009) | doi:10.1038/457258a; Published online 14 January 2009
Your inbox, Mr President
Abstract
Rejuvenate the Environmental Protection Agency. End the stem-cell ban. Re-engage with the UN on climate change. Six leading voices tell Nature what the new US president needs to do to move beyond the Bush legacy
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v457/n7227/full/457258a.html
投稿情報: 13:11 カテゴリー: 時事問題 | 個別ページ | コメント (0) | トラックバック (0)
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さっと読んで、意味を確認しておきましょう。単語の訳語だけを憶えようとしないこと。
医学賞:
*Published online 6 October 2008 | Nature |
"Virus discoveries secure Nobel prize in medicine"
Work on HIV and human papilloma virus already offers health benefits.
http://www.nature.com/news/2008/081006/full/news.2008.1154.html"
medicine=医学
secure=獲得する
health benefits=健康に良いこと、健康上の利益、医療補助
*NYT Published: October 7, 2008
"Discoverers of AIDS and Cancer Viruses Win Nobel"
The Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded Monday to three European scientists who had discovered viruses behind two devastating illnesses, AIDS and cervical cancer.
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/07/health/07nobel.html?scp=1&sq=Nobel%20prize%20in%20medicine&st=cse
devastating= 破壊的な
cervical cancer=子宮頚癌
*The Guardian, Tuesday October 7 2008
Nobel awards revive HIV discovery row
The award of the Nobel prize for medicine yesterday reopened a 25-year-old controversy over the discovery of HIV by neglecting an American researcher who played a significant role in the early scientific work on Aids.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2008/oct/07/medicalresearch.aids
controversy= 論争、口論、議論、討論、物議◆【
*Nobel Prize Surprise
By Martin Enserink and Jon Cohen
ScienceNOW Daily News
6 October 2008
In a snub to one of the world's most famous virologists, the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, announced today that it has awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine to Luc Montagnier and Françoise Barré-Sinoussi of the Pasteur Institute in Paris for their discovery of the virus that causes AIDS. The decision passes over Robert Gallo of the Institute of Human Virology at the University of Maryland School of Medicine in Baltimore, with whom Montagnier had a long-running battle over both credit for the AIDS virus's discovery and the patents related to the test used to detect the virus in blood.
http://sciencenow.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2008/1006/1
物理学賞:
*Published online 7 October 2008 | Nature |
Nobel Prize in Physics for symmetry breakdown
"Japanese-born theorists rewarded for work on fundamental symmetries in particle physics."
http://www.nature.com/news/2008/081007/full/news.2008.1155.html
symmetry breakdown or symmetry breaking=対称性の破れ
particle physics素粒子物理学
*NYT Published: October 7, 2008
"Three Physicists Share Nobel Prize"
An American and two Japanese physicists on Tuesday won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their work exploring the hidden symmetries between elementary particles that are the deepest constituents of nature.
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/08/science/08nobel.html?_r=1&hp&oref=slogin
elementary particle=基本粒子、素粒子
constituent=構成物質
*The guardian.co.uk, Tuesday October 07.
Nobel prize for physics goes to work on fundamental laws of nature
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2008/oct/07/nobel.physics
*2008 Physics Nobel Prize Honors American and Japanese Particle Theorists
By Adrian Cho
ScienceNOW Daily News
7 October 2008
This year's Nobel Prize in physics honors three particle theorist of Japanese origin, one for pioneering the use of a key conceptual tool and the other two for making, in essence, an inspired educated guess that expanded the family of fundamental subatomic particles.
http://sciencenow.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2008/1007/1
化学賞:
*Americans, Japanese Win Nobel Chemistry Prize
By AP/KARL RITTER and MATT MOORE
(Associated Press writer Malcolm Ritter)
Time, Wednesday, Oct. 08, 2008
(STOCKHOLM, Sweden) — Two Americans and one Japanese won the Nobel Prize in chemistry on Wednesday for the discovery and development of a brightly glowing protein first seen in jellyfish, work that has helped scientists study how cancer cells spread.
http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1848177,00.html
*'Glowing' jellyfish grabs Nobel
BBC, Wednesday, 8 October 2008 11:58 UK
A clever trick borrowed from jellyfish has earned two Americans and one Japanese scientist a share of the chemistry Nobel Prize.
Martin Chalfie, Roger Tsien and Osamu Shimomura made it possible to exploit the genetic mechanism responsible for luminosity in the marine creatures.
Today, countless scientists use this knowledge to tag biological systems.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7658945.stm
*Nobel prize for chemistry illuminates disease
guardian.co.uk, Wednesday October 08
The discovery of a green glowing protein from jellyfish has netted two Americans and one Japanese scientists the Nobel prize for chemistry. Each will take an equal share of the 10m Swedish kronor (£790,000) award.
Green flourescent protein (GFP) is now one of the most important tools in biochemistry. Attaching it to other proteins or structures within cells allows scientists to watch the cell's machinery at work.
http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2008/oct/08/nobel.chemistry
投稿情報: 08:42 カテゴリー: 時事問題 | 個別ページ | コメント (0) | トラックバック (0)
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Adolescence can be a trying time --- particularly for the teenage boy. He is proud of his new-found sense of masculinity, but his underdeveloped body, alas, remains an embarrassment. Earlier generations of frustrated young sought salvation in bodybuilding exercises or strenuous programs of pumping iron. Many of today's teens, however, are subscribing to a simpler solution. Now they turn to steroids.
Illegal steroid use by Olympic, college, and professional athletes often makes the news. But the alarming fact is that steroids arc increasingly being abused by teenage boys for cosmetic reasons. According to one study, an estimated 75% of the approximately one million Americans using such steroids are in high school.
It is steroids' ability to promote muscle growth, increase lean body mass, and decrease body fat that attracts teenagers to take them. Those striving to improve their strength, speed, and stamina often see steroids as a quick means to pushing heavier weights and looking better.
But the drug-enhanced physiques are a hazardous bargain. Steroids can upset hormonal production and damage the heart and kidneys. Just as worrisome is the threat to mental health. Users of steroids are prone to mood swings, including uncontrolled anger and aggressiveness, extreme irritability, paranoid jealousy, and impaired judgment.
California State Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger admitted using steroids when he was a bodybuilder. But now he wants to ban steroids from the sport of bodybuilding. He called for a summit on steroids, saying the sport should be drug-free.
本文の内容から判断して,次の英文の空欄に入るものとして貴も適切なものを一つ選びなさい。
The most suitable title for this passage is " ".
a. What Are Steroids?
b. Black Market of Selling Illegal Steroids
d. An Irony: Ex-Steroid User Governor Urges Steroid Crackdown
e. Athletic Doping: Play Safe, Play Fair
d. Steroid Use: A Dangerous Trend among Teens
[2006年北里大学(薬学部)-4]
次の言葉は、文中でどんな意味合いで使っていますか。まず、意味を考えて、使っている「単語集」で意味をかくにんしてください。そこにぴったりした「訳語」もしくはそのヒントになる説明が書かれていましたか?
1. embarrassment 2. subscribe 3. cosmetic 4. mass 5.masculinity
6. physique 7. summit
確認したい単語[訳としての「意味」を覚える前に音を覚えよう]
1.adolescence 2. remain 3. generation 4. frustrate 5. sought 6. salvation 7. exercise 8. strenuous 9.solution 10.illegal 11.athlete 12.abuse 13.estimate 14. approximately 15.promote 16.muscle 17.growth 18. increase 19. decrease 20. fat 21. attract 22. strive 23. improve 24. strength 25.means 26.hazardous 27.bargain 28. upset 29. kidney30. worrisome 31. aggressiveness 32. extreme 33. irritability 34. threat 35. paranoid 36. paranoid 37. ban
この文章だけで、40語~50語の単語を確認できます。不明な(まだ覚えていない単語はまず音でしっかり覚えましょう。
今週号では、医療従事者の視点から「死刑廃止」論が展開されています。医療従事者の基本姿勢は"Do no harm"であり、たとえ補助的なかかわりであっても「苦痛をあたる」死刑執行に協力すべきではない、という主張です。
苦痛については、
One analysis (L. G. Koniaris et al. Lancet 365, 1412–1414; 2005) suggests that 43% of prisoners might still be conscious, although totally paralysed, when the potassium chloride rips through their veins on the way to stopping their heart.
と指摘しています。
また、以下のような指摘もしています。
There are powerful arguments for abandoning the death penalty, regardless of its morality. DNA, for example, has helped prove many death-row inmates innocent, exposing the flaws of an irreversible sanction. And statistical analyses indicate that the death penalty is disproportionately administered to minority populations.
[語句・語法]
potassium chlorate 塩素酸カリウム
rip=(vi.)tear
*DNA has helped prove many death-row inmates innocent, exposing the flaws of an irreversible sanction.
help (to) prove
prove + O + C
death-row inmates=死刑囚の監房に収監されている者
flaw=error
irreversible=取り返しの付かない
sanction=permission, approval, stamp or seal of approval
administer=give, apply
[from Editorial, Nature(4 May 2006)]
投稿情報: 04:39 カテゴリー: 時事問題 | 個別ページ | コメント (0) | トラックバック (0)
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