学士編入試験対策 一日一題 －－－ 1２

学士編入試験対策　一日一題　－－－　12

次の英文を読んで、以下の問いに答えなさい。
Every woman in the world has had the following conversation with a male who is standing in front of an open fridge.
  David: Where's the butter?
  Jan: It's in the fridge.
  David: I'm looking there, but I can't see any butter.
  Jan: Well, it's there. I put it in ten minutes ago!
  David: No. You must have put it somewhere else. There's definitely no butter in this fridge!
At that, Jan strides into the kitchen, thrusts her arm into the fridge and, as if ( 1 ), produces a tub of butter. Inexperienced men sometimes feel that this is a trick and they accuse women of always hiding things from them in drawers and cupboards. Socks, shoes, underwear, jam, butter, car keys, wallets --- they're all there, they just can't see them. With her wider are of peripheral vision a woman can see most of the contents of a fridge or cupboard without moving her head. Her female hormones allow her to identify matching items in a drawer, cupboard or across a room and later remember objects in a complex random pattern - such as where the butter or jam is in the refrigerator. New research also suggests that male brains are searching in the fridge for the word B-U-T-T-E-R. If it's facing the wrong way, he virtually can't see it. This is why men move their heads. Men move their heads from side to side and up and down as they scan for the 'missing' objects.
   These differences in vision have important implications throughout our lives. Car insurance statistics, for instance, show female drivers are less likely to be hit from the side in an accident at an intersection than male drivers. Women's greater peripheral vision allows them to see traffic approaching from the side.
   A woman's life is much less stressful when she understands the problems men have seeing things at close range. When a woman tells a man, 'It's in the cupboard!', it is less stressful for him to believe her and continue the search.
   Wider peripheral vision is the reason why women rarely get caught staring at men. Almost every man has been accused at some time or other of staring at the opposite sex, but ( 2 ) women receive the same complaint from men. Sex researchers everywhere report that women look at men's bodies as much as, and sometimes more than, men look at women's. Yet women, with their superior peripheral vision, rarely get caught
   Researcher Edward Boring devised the following illustration to show how we each perceive different filings in the same picture.

    Women are more likely to see an old woman with her chin tucked into the collar of her fur coat but men are more likely to see the left-side profile of a young woman who is looking away. The picture of the table also shows that ( 3 ) you see is not necessarily what you get. Your brain is fooled into believing that the far side of the table is longer than the front side.  Women are usually amused by this, but men demand proof and grab a ruler to measure it.

     In the picture above, your brain focuses on the solid color so it looks like a group of odd shapes. When you change the way you look at it and concentrate on the white portions the word FLY will appear. A woman is more likely to see FLY than a man. as his brain gets stuck on the geometric shapes.

A. 空所（１）（２）（３）に入れるべきもっとも適切なものをそれぞれ選びなさい。
（１） a. by mistake     b. by magic   c. by chance  d. by effort
（２） a. a few         b. few        c. a little     d. little
（３） a. that           b. what       c. which    d. how

B.　下線部differences in visionについてここで上げられている例を出来るだけたくさん箇条書きにしてください。