温暖化に繁殖時期を合わせられない渡り鳥

文法・語法的な説明をいつも分析的に行うことは余りすすめませんが、時々はそういう視点から読んでみることも必要と思うので、今回はやってみたと思います。

文章全体は引用できないので、まず日本語の要約で概要をつかんでください。

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生態 : 温暖化に繁殖時期を合わせられない渡り鳥

気候変動の影響で鳥の繁殖時期が餌の少ない時期にあたってしまい、個体数の減少が起きていることが今週号に報告されている。渡りを行うマダラヒタキ（Ficedula hypoleuca）での調査によると、餌になる側の生物種と捕食する側の鳥類種の間で、温暖化に対する適応度合いに差がある場合、鳥の個体数が大きく減少するのだという。

Ongoing climate change leaves a clear global fingerprint on ecosystems. Many organisms bring forward the timing of their seasonal activities, whether it be flowering in plants, budding of trees, emergence of insects or breeding in birds. Despite this general advancement, some species may not cope with climate change because their response differs from the response of organisms at lower levels of the food chain, leading to a mismatch between the timing of reproduction and the main food supply. This mistiming can have a clear effect on species population dynamics and ecosystem functioning. In general, we expect the populations that are most mistimed to decline most in number. Here we show how populations of a small passerine bird have declined as a consequence of climate change, because the phenology of their main food supply during breeding has advanced more than the birds' breeding date.

(Nature[Climate change and population declines in a long-distance migratory bird], 4 May 2006)

1.Ongoing climate change leaves a clear global fingerprint on ecosystems.
[分析]
S+V+O
[語句（*は必須）]
ongoing=inuing to exist or be operative etc.
fingerprint=a distinctive characteristic
*ecosystem=iological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment(生態系)

2.Many organisms bring forward the timing of their seasonal activities, whether it be flowering in plants, budding of trees, emergence of insects or breeding in birds.
[分析]
*whether it be flowering in plants,
仮定法現在ormayの省略
[語句（*は必須）]
*organism=ここでは「生物」
bring forward=繰り上げる;
timing=時間調整＞bring forward the timing時間調整をする。
bud=つぼみをつける
*emergence=The emergence of something is the process or event of its coming into existence.=出現(appearance)　cf.emergency=緊急事態＜急に出現すること。
*insect=An insect is a small animal that has six legs. Most insects have wings. Ants, flies, butterflies, and beetles are all insects.
*breed=bear, generate (offspring)

3.Despite this general advancement, some species may not cope with climate change because their response differs from the response of organisms at lower levels of the food chain, leading to a mismatch between the timing of reproduction and the main food supply.
[分析]
Despite=In spite of
,leading ...分詞構文（連続動作）
[語句（*は必須）]
*species=category in the system of classification of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding
*cope with=～に対処する
*differ from=～と異なる
mismatch=bad match
*food chain=食物連鎖
*reproduction=生殖作用

４．This mistiming can have a clear effect on species population dynamics and ecosystem functioning.
[分析]
can可能性
[語句（*は必須）]
*have an effect on
*dynamics=力学

５．In general, we expect the populations that are most mistimed to decline most in number.
[分析]
expect + O + to do, O=the populations that are most mistimed
[語句（*は必須）]
In general=一般に, 概して

６．Here we show how populations of a small passerine bird have declined as a consequence of climate change, because the phenology of their main food supply during breeding has advanced more than the birds' breeding date.
＊この部分は日本語に直してみてください。文章構造的にはさほど難しくはありませんね。
[語句（*は必須）]
*consequence　>→as a c_nsequence (of…)＝in c_nsequence (of…)=(…の)結果として, (…の)ゆえに.
phenology= 生物季節学, 花暦学, フェノロジー