大学入試センター試験対策

Web練習問題

Web上で練習できるプログラムです。

先月末から少しずつアップしているのですが、少しまとまってきたので紹介します。やってみてください。近々専用のインデックスを作るつもりですが、当スクールのトップページ’WHAT'S NEW’の「Web練習問題」から入ってください。

http://web.thn.jp/rj-netschool/

センター試験用基礎問題１００

約１００題の語法・文法問題です。20問毎に解答フォームへのURLが書かれています。それを開いて、解答を作ってください。

メールアドレス、課題名（例「1月10日の課題」など）を記入して（質問は「記述フォームに）、送ってください。添削、コメントをつけて返送します。

センター試験用基礎問題１００　100.pdfをダウンロード

なお、基礎的な総合問題＋語法・文法問題が『大学入試対策情報』にアップしてあります。

discourse markers---2

*emphasising a contrast
nevertheless
however
in spite of this (that)

*balancing contrasting points
on the other hand
while=whereas

*adding
moreover
furthermore
in addition
What is more

*giving examples
for instance
for example
in particular

*logical consequence
therefore
as a result
consequently
then
so

*summing up
in short
in conclusion

*referring to the other person's expectations
as a matter of fact
in fact
actually
to tell the truth

蛇足：
この形式での出題はまだないけれども、注意したいのが、'after all'。これを「結局」とやるとぴったりこないことが多々あります。逆に「つまるところ」という意味、つまりfinaly,at last, in the endのつもりで使うとアウト。
以下の文章では「結局」ではない。
I think we should let her go on holiday alone. After all, she is fifteen --- she's not a child any more.

discourse markers

'adding'(moreover)と'logical consequence'(therefore)とは本来かなり違うものですが、以下は間違えることがあるようですね。

◎次の文章の[ 1 ][ 2 ]に入れるのに最も適当な語句を、それぞれ下の１～４のうちから一つずつ選べ。
   Sexual harassment in the workplace is a serious and widespread problem. Though some men think sexual harassment does not occur, surveys indicate that four out of ten working women have been subjected to it. [ 1 ] the growing development of new policies on harassment shows that American companies are taking it seriously. [ 2 ] legal pressures are forcing companies to take some action, sexual harassment will continue as long as men hold most of the power in the workplace.

[ 1 ]
1. However
2. Moreover
3. Therefore
4. Then

被害の増大→新しい方策を出てくる→企業は無視できなくなっている
と読んでしまうと3.Thereforeを選んでしまう。
しかし、
すでに"a serious and widespread"とどちらも抽象的には言及されているので、その具体例が示された。その二つの例がmoreoverで繋がれていると考えるべき。Another example is ...あるいは、Another thing is ...と言い換えてみるのがmoreoverを選ぶ際の判断基準になるだろうと思います。なお、thereforeは、'so'に入れ換えて考えてみる。

[ 2 ]
1. Because
2. If
3. Since
4. Though

練習問題（３題）sundai_3a1.pdfをダウンロード

「繋ぎのことば」

otherwise, therefore, meanwhile, however, furthermore, on the other hand, whereas, moreover, etc.

2003追試

The concept of zero was not clearly expressed in most ancient number systems.  The early Chinese did not have a symbol for it.  (  A  ), their invention of the abacus (soroban) seems to suggest that they understood the concept. The ancient Egyptians, (  B ), had a symbol for zero, although its function was different from that in the modern system.

A

1. However

2. Furthermore

3. Then

4. Therefore

B

1. for this reason

2. from then on

3. on the other hand

4. in he same way

次の問題になると「いじわる」としか思えない。追試だから問題にされないのだろうが、本試ならボコボコにされたかも。namelyであるが、文頭では使われないなどという「語法」を大学受験生に問う必要があるのか？

2001追試

Seeing bears in the wild can be one of the most memorable experiences on camping trips in national parks.  ( 　A  ) it can also be a dangerous one if care is not taken. Some campers make foolish mistakes. For example, they get out their cars to take a snapshot or even try to feed the bears. (   B  ), acting like this towards wild bears can turn an enjoyable vacation into a tragedy.

A

1. Nor

2. Otherwise

3. Therefore

4. Yet

B

1. Meanwhile

2. Namely

3. Shortly

4. Unfortunately

取りこぼしがないように

朱筆の部分をしっかり意識して、原則的に選ぶこと。

こんなの間違いようがないのだけれど・・・
2001本試
"We had terrible weather during our vacation."
"(    )? What a shame!"
1.Did you
2.Had it
3.Was it
4.Were you

こちらになると間違える人が多くなるのかな？
2003追試
Kate: John and Mary Brown just had a baby!
Mako: (       )
Kate: Yes, isn't it? I'm really happy for them.
1. I didn't know about it!
2. That sounds interesting!
3. What a great idea!
4. That's wonderful!

意味上の主語

2002追試（第3問C）
What has become clear is the importance of parents and children learning appropriate cell phone use.

動名詞・learningの意味上の主語は、parents and　children。動名詞の意味上の主語を示したい場合は、直前に所有格もしくは目的格で入れる。ここは「目的格」と考える。ここの場合は前置詞ofの目的語（句）は、learning以下。

仮定法etc.

"Do you know what you want?"asked Uma gently.
"Yes," came the unhesitating answer.
Uma felt a moment of warry, but forced herself to say quietly, "What is you want?"
"I want to paint!"
Of course, thought Uma, she wants to paint. I should have known it for years. "How could I have been so stupid? She stared at her daughter's face, which was very pale, but which now showed her strength.
"I didn't mean to tell you like this," whispered Jyoti.
"Of course you didn't." Uma raised a hand and let it fall back on the bed.
"Mother," cried Jyoti, "I'm sorry, but this is what I have to do!"
Uma shook her head and tried to smile. She wants to paint, shouted a voice in her head. She wants that!
....
Sitting beside her on the bed, her Jyoti was a giant.
Uma smiled at her daughter as she held out her hand for the cup of tea.

朱筆の部分で、内容把握の問題では、
4.When Jyoti was young, her mother did not recognize her artistic talent.
が選ばれるだろう。ただし、この部分だけで、娘に"artistic talent"ある、とは断言できない。娘は「やりたい」と言っているだけだとも言える。

このように一歩踏み込んだ記述になるのが最近の「センター試験」の「傾向」ではある。元の文章を知っているから出てくることだろうが、果たしてこのようなあり方が妥当かどうかは疑問。

そのことは、この問いにも見て取れる。
Why did Uma shake her head and try to smile near the end of the story?
1. she did not believe that Jyoti was sorry.
2. Jyoti had made her angry.
3. She wanted to support Jyoti's decision.
4. Jyoti's crying made her headache worse.
求める「正解」は、３だが、これも果たしてUmaはそこまでの気持ちがこの時点で出ているかどうかは不明。もし、そうならば、手をお茶に伸ばすのではなく、娘の手をとるような行為になるほうが自然。

この「言いすぎ」は、2005年本試の第6問にもある。

なお、ブルーの部分は「分詞構文」

分詞構文

文法・語法の問題では、追試で数年前に出題されているだけ。しかし、文章中には毎年出てくる。「用法」を考えずに、自然に文章の流れに沿って読むとよい。

2001本試の第６問の冒頭は、
Going to the shore on the first morning of the vacation, Jerry stopped and looked ....

2005の本試第6問には、
"Okey, I guess," he said quietly, not looking at me.
とある。これは頻出。

2002追試
Not (     ) which source to take, I decided to ask for advice.
1. beig known
2. to know
3. known
4. knowing
口語分詞構文の定番。

2001追試
(      ) that he had a talent for languages, he decided to train as an interpreter.
1. Being realized
2. Realize
3. Realizing
4. To realize

大学入試の「会話文」です。[分詞構文]
It's different as the whole city is surrounded by castle walls.
But some cities have gotten rid of the walls, replacing them with roads.
(仏教大2005)[問題全体]

未来

未来
１．現在形で表す。ｉｆ、whenの節中で
２．現在進行形　予定。心理的には動作に入っている場合
３．助動詞を使う。will。　be going toは進行形として扱うべきか。

2003 本試
Let's go ahead and do it. Nothing (    ) by just waiting.
1.will be gained
2.will gain
3.has gained
4.gains

2002 追試
"Have you seen Yuko recetly?"
"No, but (      ) dinner with her o Sunday.
1. I'm having
2. I've been having
3. I'd have
4. I've had

2001 本試
If it (       ) raining soon, shall we go out for a walk?
1. stopped
2. stops
3. will stop
4. would stop